19-1 克洛伊的經濟學人Chloe's Economist~1.西方聯手抵制中國 2.中國政治經濟 3.美國矽谷銀行破產 4.小撇步: 如何一邊工作一邊準備出國

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感謝每日一經濟學人提供以下文章

A. 西方聯手抵制中國

1. Anthony Albanese, the prime minister of Australia, and Rishi Sunak, the prime minister of Britain, met Joe Biden, the American president, in San Diego to announce the next stage of the three countries’ AUKUS defense pact. In a landmark agreement, Britain is to help design and build a new type of submarine for Australia, and America will sell nuclear-powered submarines to Australia in the 2030s. The deal expands the involvement of Britain and Australia in policing the Indo-Pacific. China said the AUKUS countries were travelling down “a dangerous road”.

澳洲總理 Anthony Albanese 和英國首相 Rishi Sunak 在聖地牙哥 (San Diego) 會見了美國總統 Joe Biden，並 (共同) 宣佈了三國下一階段的 AUKUS 防禦協定。在此項具有里程碑意義的協定中，英國將幫助澳洲設計和建造新型潛艇，而美國將在 2030年代向澳洲出售核動力潛艇。該協定擴大了英國和澳洲對印太地區的治安之參與。中國表示 AUKUS 國家正走在“一條危險的道路上”。

2. American Reaper drone was struck by a Russian fighter jet over international waters in the Black Sea, causing the Americans to down their unmanned aerial vehicle. It was the first military tussle between America and Russia since the start of the Ukraine war. America said the Russians’ conduct had been “unsafe and unprofessional”.

一架美國“死神無人機“在黑海國際水域上空被一架俄國戰鬥機擊中，導致美方墜毀其無人機。這是自烏克蘭戰爭爆發以來美俄之間的首次軍事交鋒。美方稱俄方的行徑“不安全且不專業”。

3. British government banned TikTok from all devices used by ministers and civil servants on security grounds, following similar moves by America and the European Union. It is the latest blow for the app. In America TikTok faces a potential complete ban over claims that it hands user data to the Chinese government.

英國政府以安全為由禁止部長和公務員們在所有的設備上使用抖音 (TikTok，一款來自中國的短影音社群媒體)，而此前美國和歐盟 (European Union) 也有類似舉措。這是最新對該應用程式的打擊。抖音在美國面臨著潛在的全面性禁止，因為美國政府聲稱抖音將用戶數據交給中國政府。

B. 中國政治經濟

1. China’s parliament confirmed Li Qiang as the country’s new prime minister. The former Communist Party chief in Shanghai is a protégé of Xi Jinping. He may be more in tune with business than his boss is, but he is expected to be unflinchingly loyal.

中國全國人民代表大會 (簡稱“人大”) 確認了李強為該國新任總理。這位前上海市委書記是習近平的門徒。李強可能比他的老闆 (即習近平) 更懂生意/商貿，但人們預計李強會毫不退縮地對習近平示忠誠。

1. Underlining China’s rebound, retail sales grew by 3.5% in the first two months of 2023, year on year, reversing a series of declines towards the end of last year. The statistics bureau warned, however, that the country’s economic recovery is “not yet solid”.

伴隨著中國的復甦，2023年前兩個月的零售額同期相比增長了 3.5%，扭轉了去年 (2022年) 底一系列的下降趨勢。然而中國統計局警告該國的經濟復甦“尚不穩固”。

1. Saudi Aramco reported an annual net profit of $161bn. Like others in the oil industry, the company benefited from a buoyant market as demand recovered after the pandemic and prices spiked after Russia invaded Ukraine. It thinks that oil demand will grow again this year, as China reopens and the airline industry recovers.

沙烏地阿美 (Saudi Aramco，沙烏地阿拉伯國家石油公司) 報告的年度淨利潤為 1,610億美元。該公司與石油產業的其他公司一樣受益於市場活躍，因為疫情後需求恢復及俄國入侵烏克蘭後價格飆升。沙烏地阿美認為隨著中國重新開放和航空業復甦，今年的石油需求將再次增長。

C. 美國矽谷銀行破產

1. The failure of Silicon Valley Bank, a mid-sized American lender, sent shock waves through the financial system. SVB specialised in offering banking services to tech startups. It got into trouble as interest rates rose, the value of its bond-holdings plunged and nervy depositors took out their money. An attempt to raise capital to plug a shortfall in its finances failed, leading to a run on its deposits and the collapse of its share price. On March 13th HSBC purchased SVB’s British assets for £1, but America’s regulators have struggled to find a buyer for the rest of the bank.

矽谷銀行 (Silicon Valley Bank / SVB) 是美國一間中型借貸機構，而其失敗讓金融體系震驚不已。矽谷銀行專門向科技新創公司提供銀行服務。但隨著利率上升，其持有的債券價值暴跌，而緊張的存款人們也紛紛擠兌。矽谷銀行為填補其財務短缺而進行的資本籌措嘗試失敗，導致存款出逃和股價暴跌。(2023年) 3月13日，匯豐銀行 (HSBC) 以 1英鎊的價格購買了矽谷銀行的英國資產，同時間美國的監管機構仍在努力尋找該銀行其餘部分之買家。